Centre for Software Reliability

Results for: 00160, FactorsAndFactorials

Main parameters

Parameter C C++ Pascal Total
Number of submissions (AC, WA, or PE) 2443 3722 939 7104
Number of authors 1091 1605 416 3112
First submission correct 682 908 229 1819
Last submission correct 913 1231 306 2450
Average number of trials per author 2.24 2.32 2.26 2.28
Average number of trials per author (excluding submissions after a correct one) 1.61 1.69 1.66 1.66
Average number of trials to correct submission 1.54 1.57 1.54 1.55
Number of different equivalence classes 370 654 189 1054
Number of different score functions 53 64 34 95
Number of different equivalence classes in authors' first submissions 207 334 105 553
Number of different score functions in authors' first submissions 35 42 25 66

Parameters of the C/C++ submissions

Parameter All, 1>pfd (N=2374) Correct (N=1800) 0.1>=pfd>0 (N=106) 1>pfd>0.1 (N=468)
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD
FileSize 1220 1780 1260 1980 1200 984 1070 897
LOC 59.5 94 61.4 107 57.4 28.2 52.9 27.7
#Comment lines 2.41 4.26 2.46 4.36 2.05 2.73 2.31 4.15
Halstead, Volume 2380 7020 2460 7750 2760 5730 1990 3370
McCabe, CC 15.1 8.17 15.2 7.42 14.6 7.21 14.7 10.7

Correlations between parameters of correct C/C++ submissions

# Comment HalsteadMcCabe
Filesize LOC lines Volume CC
FileSize 10.8820.1610.9390.136
LOC 0.88210.05010.8750.0925
#Comment lines 0.1610.050110.07080.0658
Halstead, Volume 0.9390.8750.07081-0.0149
McCabe, CC 0.1360.09250.0658-0.01491

Correlations between parameters and pfd/defects of C/C++ submissions

# Comment HalsteadMcCabe
Filesize LOC lines Volume CC
PFD -0.0386-0.0305-0.00333-0.0228-0.0176
Defects -0.0212-0.0259-0.0144-0.01-0.00606

Effect of diversity

Average reliability improvement for 0.001<=pfd<=0.01: 40.3

Effect of Language diversity

Average reliability improvement for 0.001<=pfd<=0.01
(in the range where all exist):
C/C: 36.1
C/C++: 38.8
C/Pascal: 46
Average reliability improvement for 0.001<=pfd<=0.01
(in the range where all exist):
C++/C: 38.8
C++/C++: 40.6
C++/Pascal: 48.3
Average reliability improvement for 0.001<=pfd<=0.01
(in the range where all exist):
Pascal/C: 46
Pascal/C++: 48.3
Pascal/Pascal: 51

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